Demographic Profile Of The Respondents Accounting Essay

In this chapter, consequence is obtained through the informations aggregation method from 300 questionnaires. The informations obtained from questionnaires are analyzed and computed by utilizing the Statistical Package societal Science ( SPSS ) package. Tables and charts will be exhibited to show the consequences in an apprehensible mode. This chapter started off with the descriptive analysis of the respondent demographic profile and cardinal inclinations measuring of concepts. Next, scale measuring is to supply the consequences of dependability trial. This is followed by the illative analysis with the Pearson correlativity coefficient analysis and multiple additive arrested development analysis. Last is to reason this chapter.4.1 Descriptive Analysis4.1.1 Demographic Profile of the RespondentsTable 4.1: Gender of RespondentsGenderFrequency Percentage Valid Percentage Accumulative Percentage Valid Male 105 51.7 51.7 51.7 Female 98 48.3 48.3 100.0 Entire 203 100.0 100.0 Beginning: Developed for the research In the Table 4.1 above, it showed the frequence and per centum of gender of 203 respondents. There were a sum of 105 male respondents ( 51.7 % ) and a sum of 98 female respondents ( 48.3 % ) . Table 4.2: The Age Group of RespondentsAgeFrequency Percentage Valid Percentage Accumulative Percentage Valid Under 21 old ages 5 2.5 2.5 2.5 21-30 old ages 67 33.0 33.0 35.5 31-40 old ages 54 26.6 26.6 62.1 41-50 old ages 31 15.3 15.3 77.3 51 old ages & A ; above 46 22.7 22.7 100.0 Entire 203 100.0 100.0 Beginning: Developed for the research Table 4.2 presented the frequence and per centum of the age group of respondents. 5 respondents ( 2.5 % ) were under 21 old ages old, 67 respondents ( 33.0 % ) were 21 to 30 old ages old, 54 respondents ( 26.6 % ) were 31 to 40 old ages old, 31 respondents ( 15.3 % ) were 41 to 50 old ages old and 46 respondents ( 22.7 % ) were 51 old ages old and above. Table 4.3: The Marital Status of RespondentsMarital StatusFrequency Percentage Valid Percentage Accumulative Percentage Valid Single 73 36.0 36.0 36.0 Married 130 64.0 64.0 100.0 Entire 203 100.0 100.0 Beginning: Developed for the research The Table 4.3 indicated the frequence and per centum of the matrimonial position of respondents. The bulk of the respondents were married which represented 64.0 % that is about 130 people out of 203 respondents. Meanwhile, 73 respondents ( 36.0 % ) were still individual. Table 4.4: The Education Level of RespondentsEducation DegreeFrequency Percentage Valid Percentage Accumulative Percentage Valid Primary instruction 8 3.9 3.9 3.9 Secondary instruction 77 37.9 37.9 41.9 Certificate / Diploma 80 39.4 39.4 81.3 Bachelor ‘s grade 33 16.3 16.3 97.5 Master ‘s grade 5 2.5 2.5 100.0 Entire 203 100.0 100.0 Beginning: Developed for the research From the Table 4.4, it showed the frequence and per centum of the instruction degree of respondents. From the information above, bulk of 80 respondents held a certification or sheepskin ( 39.4 % ) . The 2nd and 3rd largest groups were 77 respondents who had completed the secondary instruction ( 37.9 % ) and 33 respondents who held a unmarried man grade ( 16.3 % ) . Last, the respondents who had completed the primary instruction and which is a maestro grade holders were 8 people ( 3.9 % ) and 5 people ( 2.5 % ) severally. Table 4.5: The Working Period of RespondentsWorking Time periodFrequency Percentage Valid Percentage Accumulative Percentage Valid Less than 1 twelvemonth 23 11.3 11.3 11.3 1-5 old ages 63 31.0 31.0 42.4 6-10 old ages 48 23.6 23.6 66.0 11-15 old ages 25 12.3 12.3 78.3 16-20 old ages 19 9.4 9.4 87.7 Above 20 old ages 25 12.3 12.3 100.0 Entire 203 100.0 100.0 Beginning: Developed for the research The Table 4.5 represented the frequence and per centum of the on the job period of respondents. The respondents were divided into six classs. 23 respondents worked as an insurance agent for less than one twelvemonth ( 11.3 % ) , 63 respondents worked for 1 to 5 old ages ( 31.0 % ) , 48 respondents worked for 6 to 10 old ages ( 23.6 % ) , 25 respondents worked for 11 to 15 old ages ( 12.3 % ) , 19 respondents worked for 16 to 20 old ages ( 9.4 % ) and 25 respondents worked as an insurance agent above 20 old ages ( 12.3 % ) .4.1.2 Cardinal Tendencies Measurement of Constructs4.1.2.1 Commission PayTable 4.6: Cardinal Inclinations Measurement for Commission Pay No. Statement Mean Standard Deviation CP1 I think the committee wage is a really of import incentive for me. 4.3448 0.75078 CP2 I am motivated by committee wage to seek my best attempts in work. 4.2562 0.73350 CP3 My occupation public presentation determine the extra committee wage when achieve higher mark. 4.2808 0.81141 CP4 I will retain the occupation because I am satisfied with the committee wage. 4.0985 0.85025 CP5 I work hard is to acquire a better committee wage in this occupation. 4.3005 0.78561 Beginning: Developed for the research Table 4.6 illustrated the cardinal inclinations measurings of committee wage. Mentioning to the tabular array above, most respondents agreed to the CP1 with average value of 4.3448. The 2nd highest was CP5 with average value of 4.3005. The 3rd and 4th highest were CP3 and CP2 which had the average value of 4.2808 and 4.2562 severally. The lowest average value was CP4 which was 4.0985. From the tabular array above, CP4 had highest standard divergence value which was 0.85025. The 2nd and 3rd highest standard divergence value was CP3 and CP5 which had 0.81141 and 0.78561 severally. The 4th highest standard divergence was CP1 with the value of 0.75078. The lowest standard divergence value was 0.73350 by CP2.4.1.2.2 Job SecurityTable 4.7: Cardinal Inclinations Measurement for Job Security No. Statement Mean Standard Deviation JSM1 I think occupation security is another of import incentive for me. 4.1232 0.68188 JSM2 I am motivated by the good occupation security in current occupation. 3.9852 0.74779 JSM3 I feel my current occupation is unafraid, dependable and lasting. 3.9951 0.82951 JSM4 My occupation public presentation is influenced by the occupation security. 4.0000 0.79603 JSM5 I work hard is because I ‘m afraid to loss this stable occupation. 3.7143 1.00845 Beginning: Developed for the research The Table 4.7 illustrated the cardinal inclinations measurings of occupation security. The consequence from the tabular array above, JSM1 had the highest average value of 4.1232. The 2nd highest average value was JSM4 which was 4.000. The 3rd highest was JSM3 with the average value of 3.9951 which was followed by JSM2 which had a average value of 3.9852. The JSM5 had the lowest average value of 3.7143. Harmonizing to the Table 4.7, the JSM5 had the highest standard divergence value of 1.00845. The 2nd highest standard divergence value was JSM3 which was 0.82951. The 3rd highest was JSM4 with the standard divergence value of 0.79603 which was followed by JSM2 which had a standard divergence value of 0.74779. The lowest standard divergence value was JSM1 which was merely 0.68188.4.2.2.3 Opportunities for Advancement and DevelopmentTable 4.8: Cardinal Inclinations Measurement for Opportunities for Advancement and Development No. Statement Mean Standard Deviation AD1 I think the chances for promotion and development is another of import incentive for me. 4.1034 0.79238 AD2 I am motivated by chances for promotion and development in current occupation. 4.0443 0.75321 AD3 I have more chances for promotion and development in current occupation if I retain the occupation for longer period of clip. 4.0936 0.78734 AD4 I have more chances to direct for preparation, learn accomplishment and developing myself in current occupation. 4.1084 0.81330 AD5 I work hard is to acquire more chances for promotion and development in this occupation. 4.1675 0.74563 Beginning: Developed for the research Table 4.8 illustrated the cardinal inclinations measurings of chances for promotion and development. In the term of average value, AD5 had the highest mean of 4.1675. Second, it is followed by AD4 of 4.1084, AD1 of 4.1034 and AD3 of 4.0936. The AD2 had the lowest average value of 4.0443. From the Table 4.8, the AD4 had the highest standard divergence value of 0.81330. Second, it is followed by AD1 with the standard divergence value of 0.79238, AD3 with the standard divergence value of 0.78734 and AD2 with the standard divergence value of 0.75321. The lowest standard divergence value was 0.74563 by AD5.4.2.2.4 Work ItselfTable 4.9: Cardinal Inclinations Measurement for Work Itself No. Statement Mean Standard Deviation W1 I have more independent when I ‘m working. 4.1724 0.78654 W2 I have more assurance to accomplish the mark of the occupation. 4.2217 0.75461 W3 I am willing to work hard with current occupation. 4.2069 0.72886 W4 I am non willing to alter another occupation even if I get other occupation in elsewhere. 3.8227 0.98909 W5 I think my ability can execute good in current occupation. 4.1527 0.75211 W6 I am proud to work with current occupation. 4.2020 0.77944 Beginning: Developed for the research The Table 4.9 above, it illustrated the cardinal inclinations measurings of work itself. Based on the tabular array, W2 had the highest average value of 4.2217. The 2nd highest was W3 that had 4.2069 of average value. The 3rd highest was the W6 that had 4.2020 of mean value which was followed by, the W1 and W5 which had the average value of 4.1724 and 4.1527 severally. The W4 had the lowest average value was 3.8227. In the tabular array above, the highest standard divergence value was 0.98909 by the W4. The 2nd highest standard divergence value was W1 which was 0.78654. The 3rd highest standard divergence value was the W6 that had 0.77944 which was followed by, the W2 and W5 which had the standard divergence value of 0.75461 and 0.75211 severally. The lowest standard divergence value was W3 which was 0.72886.4.2.2.5 Job SatisfactionTable 4.10: Cardinal Inclinations Measurement for Job Satisfaction No. Statement Mean Standard Deviation JS1 In general I am satisfied with my occupation. 4.1330 0.74265 JS2 I am satisfied with the flexibleness of the on the job hours in current occupation. 4.3054 0.68601 JS3 I am satisfied with the committee wage strategy in current occupation. 4.0394 0.78250 JS4 I will retain the occupation because I am satisfied with the occupation security. 4.0148 0.74779 JS5 I am satisfied with the accomplishment in current occupation. 4.0591 0.78125 JS6 I am happy with the manner my co-workers and higher-ups treat me. 4.0936 0.79982 JS7 I am truly enjoyed with my occupation. 4.2266 0.81925 Beginning: Developed for the research Harmonizing to Table 4.10, it illustrated the cardinal inclinations measurings of occupation satisfaction. Based on the tabular array, most respondents agreed to the JS2 with average value of 4.3054. The 2nd highest was JS7 that had 4.2266 of average value. The 3rd and 4th highest average value was JS1 and JS6 which is 4.1330 and 4.0936 severally. The 5th highest was JS5 with the average value of 4.0591 which was followed by JS3 which had a average value of 4.0394. The lowest average value was the JS4 which was merely 4.0148. In the term of standard divergence value, JS7 had the highest standard divergence of 0.81925. Following, it is followed by JS6 of 0.79982, JS3 of 0.78250, JS5 of 0.78125 and JS4 of 0.74779. The two lowest standard divergence values were JS1 of 0.74265 and JS2 of 0.68601.4.2 Scale Measurement4.2.1 Internal Reliability TestTable 4.11: Reliability Statistic Variable Cronbach ‘s Alpha N of Items CP 0.881 5 JSM 0.805 5 Ad 0.911 5 Tungsten 0.899 6 Joule 0.901 7 Beginning: Developed for the research The dependability trial is test the consistence and truth of the IVs and DV which the credence degree of cronbach ‘s alpha more than 0.70. Based on the Table 4.11, the highest cronbach ‘s alpha is chances for promotion and development standing at 0.911. The 2nd highest is occupation satisfaction which the cronbach ‘s alpha is 0.901 followed by committee wage and work itself which the cronbach ‘s alpha are 0.899 and 0.881. The lowest cronbach ‘s alpha is occupation security standing at 0.805. From the consequence, overall the cronbach ‘s alpha for all variable are more than 0.70. Therefore, the questionnaire in this research is dependability and consistence.4.2.2 Normality TestThe trial of normalcy, histogram with normal curve, P-P secret plan and spread secret plan diagram are being used to demo the normal distribution of informations. Table 4.12: Trials of Normality Kolmogorov-Smirnova Shapiro-Wilk Statistic df Sig. Statistic df Sig. Standardized Residual .055 203 .200* .988 203 .091 a. Lilliefors Significance Correction * . This is a lower edge of the true significance. Beginning: Developed for the research This research uses 203 study questionnaires which the sample size is more than 100. Therefore, Kolmogorov-Smirnov ‘s trial is usage for proving the normalcy as it is used to analyze larger sample size ( n & gt ; 100 ) . Based on the Table 4.12, the important value of Kolmogorov-Smirnov ‘s trial is equal to 0.200, which is more than 0.05. Thence, as the normalcy premise is achieved, the informations can be assumed to be usually distributed. Besides, based on the Appendix D, the histogram with normal distribution curve of trade name trueness demoing a sensible bell-shaped and therefore the informations can be assumed to be usually distributed. In add-on, from the Appendix E, the normal chance secret plan of trade name prevarications near to the fanciful heterosexual line which is lifting from the lower-left corner to the upper right corner and demo a upward incline of the graph. This can connote that the informations can be assumed to be usually distributed.4.2.3 Multicollinearty TestBased on the Table 4.14, the correlativity coefficient between IVs were 0.581 for CP and JSM, 0.496 for CP and AD, 0.528 for CP and W, 0.604 for JSM and AD, 0.612 for JSM and W, and 0.657 for AD and W. Therefore, these correlativity coefficients are high between IVs but there is no multicollinearity job since they are all less than 0.8 in this research ( Field, 2005 ) . Furthermore, harmonizing to Table 4.13 the tolerance and VIF value for CP ( 0.606 1.650 ) , JSM ( 0.493 2.029 ) , AD ( .497 2.013 ) and W ( .478 2.094 ) are more than 0.1 and less than 10 severally in the multicollinearity statistics. Hence, multicollinearity job do non show in this research ( Hair et al. , 1992 ) . Table 4.13: Multicollinearity Model Collinearity Statisticss Tolerance VIF CP_Average .606 1.650 JSM_Average .493 2.029 AD_Average .497 2.013 W_Average .478 2.094 Beginning: Developed for the research4.3 Inferential Analysis4.3.1 Pearson ‘s Correlation AnalysisTable 4.14: Pearson ‘s Correlation Analysis CP JSM Ad Tungsten Joule Commsion Pay ( CP ) 1 Job Security ( JSM ) .581** 1 Opportunities for Advancement and Development ( AD ) .496** .604** 1 Work Itself ( W ) .528** .612** .657** 1 Job Satisfaction ( JS ) .557** .659** .674** .836** 1 ** . Correlation is important at the 0.01 degree ( 2-tailed ) . Beginning: Developed for the research By implementing Pearson Correlation Coefficient, Table 4.14 illustrates the consequences of the correlativity analysis of the four independent variables ( CP, JSM, AD and W ) and one dependant variable ( JS ) . The consequence from Table 4.14 shows that p-value of committee wage is 0.000 which is less than the significance value 0.01 degree ( 2-tailed ) and the R value is 0.557. Therefore, the analysis consequence concludes that committee wage is moderate positive correlated with occupation satisfaction. For occupation security variable, the p-value is 0.000 which is lower than the significance value 0.01 degree ( 2-tailed ) and the R value is 0.659 which indicates there is moderate positive relationship between occupation security and occupation satisfaction. In the Table 4.14, the p-value of chances for promotion and development is 0.000 ( P & lt ; 0.01 ) and the R value is 0.674. Hence, the chance for promotion and development is moderate positive correlated with occupation satisfaction. As shown in the Table 4.14, the p-value of work itself is 0.00 which is lower than the significance value 0.01 degree ( 2-tailed ) and the R value is 0.836. As a consequence, the work itself has high positive relationship with occupation satisfaction.4.3.2 Multiple Regression AnalysisTable 4.15: Multiple Regression Analysis Independent Variables Unstandardized Coefficients Standardized Coefficients t-value Sig. Bacillus Beta Changeless .350 2.069 .040 Commission Pay .069 .074 1.610 .109 Job Security .158 .160 3.154 .002 Opportunities for Advancement and Development .130 .143 2.834 .005 Work Itself .562 .605 11.724 .000 R2 .748 Adjusted R2 .743 F 147.264** Beginning: Developed for the research From table 4.15 above, shows that the correlativity coefficient, R= 0.864, means that there is a positive correlativity between the four independent variables and dependent variable. The value of R Square is 0.748 which indicates that 74.8 % of the discrepancy in the dependant variable ( occupation satisfaction ) is explained by the 4 independent variables ( committee wage, occupation security, chances for promotion and development, and work itself ) . However, it is still leaves 25.2 % of occupation satisfaction is explained by other factors in this survey. Furthermore, harmonizing to table above, p-value ( Sig. 0.000 ) is less than alpha value 0.05, therefore, the F- statistic which equals to 147.204 is important. That mean this theoretical account is a good form for the relation between the residuary and forecasters. Therefore, the independent variables ( committee wage, occupation security, chances for promotion and development, and work itself ) are significantly explicating the discrepancy in the occupation satisfaction among insurance agents. Since the p-value is less than 0.05 and is in the cull part which H0 is rejected. Harmonizing to Table 4.15, occupation security ( p=0.002 ) , chances for promotion and development ( p= 0.005 ) , work itself ( p & lt ; 0.001 ) are important to foretell the dependant variable ( occupation satisfaction ) in this survey because their p-values ( Sig. ) are less than alpha value 0.05. From the multiple arrested development analysis, occupation security, chances for promotion and development and work itself are the of import motive factors that affect the occupation satisfaction among insurance agents in Malaysia. Among these IVs, work itself is the strongest determiner. However, the independent variable ( committee wage ) is non significantly foretelling the dependant variable ( occupation satisfaction ) . This is because committee wage ( p=0.109 ) is more than the alpha value 0.05. Therefore, a multiple additive arrested development is formed by utilizing the information from the column headed â€Å" B † shown in the tabular array 4.15 above. The arrested development equation is as below: Job satisfaction = 0.350 + 0.069 committee wage + 0.158 occupation security + 0.130 chances for promotion and development + 0.562 work itself4.4 DecisionThree independent variables ( occupation security, chances for promotion and development and work itself ) for this research are found to hold important relationship with the independent variable ( occupation satisfaction ) . However, the independent variable ( committee wage ) is non important relationship with the dependant variable ( occupation satisfaction ) . Consequences of the analysis and back uping grounds for the consequences are being discussed in the undermentioned chapter.

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Acctg discussion - Case Study Example The ethical issue for Jim is whether the increase that he is calling for is due to a specific and truly justifiable reason(s). Secondly there is the issue that this budget is used in the allocation of bonuses and capital improvements. His calling for the increase in the budget may be so as to unfairly place him at a position to get more money for these two items. This is despite the fact that he might not be rightfully entitled to them. The two factors together bring with them an ethical dilemma seeing that he stands to profit personally by the higher bonuses that would be paid to him by headquarters. Also that he would have a larger budget according him the increased option of taking on additional risk, which may not be possible with the original budget The first point of consideration is if these numbers have been inflated for the wrong reasons. Discovery of this by headquarters may lead to him losing his job. Secondly the headquarters may instigate investigations into the hotel’s books for the period during his tenure to make a determination as to how long this has been going on. This is so as to ensure that all the previous budget numbers were above board. There is also the possibility of budget cuts and allocations from headquarters that may actually affect the hotels operation for the coming year. If these figures are actually justifiable on the other hand, there may be increased scrutiny of the hotel just to ensure that the budgeted items are accounted for in the new financial year. If this directive came from the bank manager then Jim has two options. On the one end being the controller he has the ability to counter check the managers directives so as to make a determination of whether these are true claims or not. Secondly he may engage with the manager to discuss the basic ethical concerns that the issue raises

Leadership in organizations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Leadership in organizations - Essay Example However, Ms. Kirchner went on to become president as did Margret Thatcher, who was the prime minister of Britain. Though the former British premier was known for her tough policies the current Argentina presidents tenure has been marred by rumors that her presidency is actually being run by her husband. Kirchner has also had good relations with the President of Venezuela, Hugo Chà ¡vez. Kirchner accepts the fact that Chà ¡vez has had helped Argentina in its financial crisis with the oil wealth of the country. Argentina is on friendly terms with Venezuela because not only Chà ¡vez helped the country during the energy crisis, but also the Argentineans believe that Chà ¡vez won the presidential elections in a fair way and with the approval of the international observers (Time, 2007). Her foreign relations are aimed at forming a regional bloc with Venezuela and Brazil. Argentina has a close alliance with Venezuela because the US alleged Ms. Cristina of being funded illegally by Hugo Chavez for winning her presidency. They both denied the accusation and called it a trashing operation orchestrated by the US to bring disunity amongst the nations of Latin America (New World Encyclopedia, 2008). All four political figures have held powerful positions in their respective nations though Ms. Cristina acquired her position comparatively easily than her counterparts as the ticket to run for president was thrown in her lap whereas Ms. Clinton had to run a fierce campaign for a democratic ticket and Margret Thatcher also had to do the same for her conservative party whereas Chà ¡vez has also had to weather coup dà ©tat attempt and wage a political struggle to be reelected (Historic Figures). Both Ms. Thatcher and Ms. Clinton are known to be politically active with a somewhat conservative outlook in their style whereas Ms. Kirchner has been known to support stylish and

HRM Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

HRM - Essay Example Therefore, HR team needs to focus attention when a job needs to be redesigned. Training and development are the key issues in HR activities. HR team of R. R. Donnelley used training and development method to enhance the productivity. This HR activity also motivates and inspires the employees of Donnelley to work more and generate more production. Quality control and quality checking are also important for a production firm like Donnelley. Six-Sigma and other quality control process has been largely used in their training method. HR team also introduces new technologies in making printing plates and films. It changes the job description of the employees of Donnelley. Training and development from HR team train their employees to adopt new technology. As a result, productivity has increased by 20 percent in last three years. This increment in production also stops to build a new production unit. Therefore, this HR activity is cost effective for Donnelley and increases the efficiency an d effectiveness of the employees. (Mathis and Jackson, 160-164; R.R Donnelley, Delivering Value across the Supply Chain, p.1) Technology involves almost every part of our lives. However, to the extent that our individual lives have been transformed, the business world has developed almost beyond appreciation in the past few decades. Caterpillar is the renowned infrastructure company in the world. Caterpillar is the biggest constructer of construction and mining equipment. In Caterpillar, adoption of new technology is very common. In Caterpillar, we resolve the difficult environmental problem by new technology. Caterpillar has a good record as a technology direction. Caterpillar always used new and advanced technologies to meet their customer’s needs. As an infrastructure company Caterpillar has to use different technologies regarding environmental problems. They adopt many

Demand and Supply Planning Essay Example for Free

Demand and Supply Planning Essay Abstract This paper demonstrates the concept of Supply Chain and the understanding of its different parties. How existing practices in demand planning improve forecast accuracy with advanced statistical forecasting capabilities and how demand planning is different than other SCM parties in structuring flexible hierarchy models inventory integration. In addition to explore the Integrated Demand and Supply Planning for Consumer Goods and Services Companies, where we show a Case Study for Nestle Company using weather forecast data that shows a significant insight into the extent to which difference products and/or customer sales were impacted by weather. On the other hand, Globalization and the challenges of managing a global operation such as forecasting in the face of uncertainty and reducing inventories for improved cash flow. Introduction What is a supply chain? The supply chain concept arose from a number of changes in the manufacturing environment, including the rising costs of manufacturing, the shrinking resources of manufacturing bases, shortened product life cycles, the leveling of the playing field within manufacturing and the globalization of the market economies. At a high level, a supply chain is comprised of three fundamental processes which are integrated. Procurement process involves sourcing and designing supply contracts with vendors and also developing interfaces which act as a conduit for information. Production and inventory control encompasses the manufacturing, material handling and warehousing sub-processes. Distribution and logistics process deals with the retrieval and transportation of products to retailers, distribution centers or final customers. These processes interact with one another to produce an integrated supply chain. UNDERSTANDING THE SUPPLY CHAIN There are specific roles for each function in the Supply Chain that are supported by the activities of Demand Planning. At a basic level, the Supply Chain flow of a product looks like this, beginning with Create and ending with Deliver. Source Create Plan Sell Deliver Make Create: One level below the Create flow are individual departments that support these Supply Chain actions. Create involves Research Development, Regulatory Affairs, and Product Development as new formulas are discovered, tested and developed for the market. Sell: It is focused on introducing the product to market and driving consumption. Sales, Marketing, Category Management, Market Research, Marketing Services, and Trade Marketing are key departments that support this process. This phase is also a critical communication feed to the Plan phase as it is closest to consumption and customer needs. Plan: It is the center point of the Supply Chain responsible for the creation of inventory levels that coincide with the needs of customers or distributors, which is one step before consumption. It is also the point where financial planning is executed and PLs are managed. Demand Planning, Supply Planning, and Finance departments are usually found within this point in the Supply Chain. It is important to note that the position of Demand Planning here is the hand-off from Sales to Operations, giving it the unique opportunity to link the companys supply chain activities. This is the kick-off to execution of the companys strategic plan. Source: It is the first step in producing product for sale, as raw materials, packaging components and finished goods are procured. Purchasing and Contract Manufacturing take place here in preparation of the manufacturing process. Make: It is simply the manufacturing of materials and components that result in finished goods inventory. In a synchronized Supply Chain Manufacturing, Packaging, Quality Control, and Technical Operations execute the inventory plan developed upstream in the Plan phase. Deliver: It is the physical movement of finished goods from manufacturing points to the distribution network, and finally to customer distribution centers, ready for replenishment to store level locations for consumption by the public. Distribution, Transportation, Logistics, and Customer Service are the key organizations that reside in the final phase of the Supply Chain. Demand Planning At the front end of your supply chain, your demand plan accuracy drives your production, inventory, distribution, and buying plans. With Demand Planning, youll have the tools to improve forecast accuracy with advanced statistical forecasting capabilities. Youll get the sharpest, most accurate picture of customer demand as a solid foundation for your sales and operations plan, plus tools to help you extend beyond forecasting to create a fully synchronized demand-replenishment plan integrated with your ERP system. Demand Planning provides a single, global view of the truth to accurately predict and shape customer demand across your enterprise. It helps manufacturers and distributors like you understand your total demand plan to take into account: * Seasonality * Promotions and events * Product lifecycle changes Demand Planning contains three modules that you can deploy individually or combine to form a complete supply chain planning platform: I. Demand Planner—to deliver accurate self-learning forecasts for improved forecast accuracy. II. Inventory Planner—to optimize inventory at each distribution hub, ensuring the highest levels of available stock for a given customer service-level target. III. Replenishment Planner—to plan inventory and distribution movements through every node of your supply chain, from supplier through manufacturer and all levels of your distribution chain. More than 25 years of supply chain management experience built into Demand Planning, so you can be assured theres proven, rich functionality driving your global supply chain, with supply chain experts guiding you to best practices. Demand Planning provides advanced statistical capabilities combined with market knowledge gained through internal and external collaboration to bring pinpoint accurac y to your demand plans. With Demand Planning, you get: Demand forecasting: This powerful forecasting tool in a graphical environment automatically detects seasonality, trends, slow-moving items, unusual outliers, and step changes in demand. With the self-learning engine, you forecast demand at any combination of product group, customer, or channel. Model scenarios to see the effect of promotions and events and their future impact. Web-based collaboration: Share knowledge with every stakeholder in the demand planning process. Your internal sales and demand planners better shape demand. External customers contribute with visible input to improve your responsiveness. Suppliers upstream know your plans and improve their delivery performance. Inventory planning: Analyze, model, and strike the right balance between target service levels and your inventory investment. Redistribute inventory according to predicted demand to ensure it meets tailored service levels—and increase your stock turn rates. Replenishment planning: Automatically align supply replenishment with demand across your entire manufacturing and distribution network. Using different modeled scenarios, you can see results ripple through and quickly realign inventory, transport, manufacturing, and buying plans. The Demand Planning Difference Unlike other supply chain management systems, Demand Planning uniquely offers: * A self-learning statistical forecasting engine that improves accuracy over repeated forecasting periods by learning and continually adjusting its model between forecast and actual. * Collaboration with all stakeholders in the demand planning process through a web-based user experience. * Flexible hierarchies so you can properly model your physical and operational supply chain—and change the models as your business changes. * Integrated inventory planning and optimization for stock-based supply chains so you can balance investments in inventory with desired customer service level availability.* Replenishment planning across your entire distribution chain, ensuring inventory flows through the chain to protect customer-facing distribution hubs and ensuring the highest levels of availability. * Exception alerting to draw attention to potential shortfalls in availability so you can respond more quickly to re-flow supply from alternative sources. Integrated Demand and Supply Planning for Consumer Goods and Services Companies Accenture (Global Management Consulting) helps consumer goods and services companies with aligning customer expectations with supply chain plans through our integrated demand and supply planning approach.Overview According to Accenture research, high-performance businesses are much better and faster than their competitors at allocating resources and achieving superior return on investment. And that is largely because their approach to demand planning is highly sophisticated. Global operations call for a higher level of integration between demand and supply. Accenture helps consumer goods and services companies collect actionable insights on market trends and customer expectations and align them with supply chain plans to get the right products to the right consumers at the right time through our integrated demand and supply planning approach. Sales and Operations Planning (SOP) There are many ways to manage demand and supply planning activities. In most larger companies, the Sales and operations planning (SOP) process is the most common. SOP is at the heart of balancing supply and demand, and aligning the company around a common financial, demand and supply plan. It is an integrated business management process through which management continually works to achieve alignment among all functions of the organization. Smaller companies can benefit greatly from this approach. Most try to facilitate the process using spreadsheets and data pulled from the ERP. The problem, volatility of demand, uncertainty of supply, and increasing customer expectations are challenging companies in their goal to maximize business opportunities and minimize risk. There are many components to SOP plans. In most situations an SOP plan includes an updated sales plan, production plan, inventory plan, new product development plan, and a resulting financial plan. At the highest level, these plans are designed to achieve the financial and strategic objectives of the company. In most companies, the planning frequency is monthly and planning horizons are 12 months. Situations in which there are short product life cycles and high demand volatility require a more frequent SOP planning schedule. A properly implemented SOP process routinely reviews customer demand and supply resources and â€Å"re-plans† quantitatively across an agreed rolling horizon. The re-planning process focuses on changes from the previously agreed sales and operations plan. While it helps the management team to understand how the company achieved its current level of performance, its primary focus is on future actions and anticipated results. Demand Caster methodology includes all elements of a robust SOP process. It follows the traditional 5 step SOP process described below. Sales and Operations Planning Steps: 1. Data Gathering: Collect data on past sales, analyze trends, and report forecasts 2. Demand Planning: Validate forecasts, understand sources of demand, account for variability, and revise inventory and customer service policies. 3. Supply Planning: Assess the ability to meet demand by reviewing available capacity and scheduling required operations. 4. Reconciliation of Plans: Match supply and demand plans with financial considerations 5. Finalize and Release: Finalize the plan and release it to implementation

Success Factors in Merger and Acquisition Projects

Success Factors in Merger and Acquisition Projects The introduction of this Proposal as well the dissertation will explain the concept of critical success factors in mergers and acquisition and will investigate how an advisory firm can help in mergers and acquisition and its perspective. A short case organization State Bank of India will be made. The aim is to enlighten the reader about the problem formulation, the brief review of literature, aims and objectives and finally will the research methodology, data collection method, data analysis and conclusion will shown in this proposal. Literature review The essay aims at seeing the in and out sights of what the research will be on the related issues around the thesis of the topic. The literature review aims at exploring the topic Critical Success Factors for Mergers and Acquisition Projects in the View of Merger and Acquisition Advisory Firms. This proposal will be divided into two parts. Mergers and Acquisitions and Mergers and Acquisition advisory firms Critical success factors for the projects The upshot of the review is the intention to develop the knowledge based on the gap which will be recognized through this review. The upshot is concerned with the critical success factors for Mergers and Acquisition projects in the view of Mergers and Acquisition advisory firms. The filed of mergers and acquisition continues to experience dramatic growth. Record breaking mega mergers have become common place. Indeed, while mega mergers used to be mainly an American phenomenon; the current fifth merger wave became truly international merger period. Starting in the 1990s and continuing into next decade, some of the largest mergers and acquisition took place in Europe. This was underscored by the fact that the largest deal of all time was hostile acquisition of a German company by British firm. Economic growth was not only the reason for the large volume of deals throughout the world. Deregulation in Europe and the development of a common European economy also played a role. Nation such as Canada and Australia also exhibited a pronounced higher volume of deals. The picture in Asia is however was different. Here, restructuring and downsizing were more common place as the Asian economy remained week. Companies in Japan and Korea, long protected by their highly re gulated economic structures, now had consider bankruptcy and others forms of restructuring as the means of working out their economic difficulties.(Gaughan, 2002). Moreover, it has been highlighted that mergers and acquisition fail due to negligence at different levels during pre, post and due diligence period of the process. Thus this project would provide the development of mergers framework to facilitate the merger and acquisition process in the banking industry. (Cartwright Cooper, 1993). There are several reasons for those firms might engage in mergers and acquisition. One of the most common motives in expansion. Acquiring a company in a line of business or geographic area into which the company may want to expand can be quicker than internal expansion. An acquisition of a particular company may provide certain synergistic benefits for the acquirer, such as when two lines of business complement one another. A financial factor motivates some mergers and acquisition. For example, an acquirer financial analysis may reveal that the target is undervalued. That is, the value of the buyer may be significantly in excess of the market value of the target, even the premium that is normally associated with changes in control is added to the acquisition price. Other motive, such as tax motives, also plays a role in an acquisition Decision (Gaughan, 2007). Mergers and acquisition, by which two companies are combined to achieve certain strategic and business objectives, are transactions of great significance, not only to the workers, managers competitors, communities and the economy. Their success or failure has enormous consequences for shareholders and lenders as well as the above constituencies. (Sudarsanam, 2003). Mergers Acquisition and Mergers Acquisition Advisory Firms This proposal as well as the Dissertation of Mergers and Acquisition (MA) has brought into being in the literature since last two decades. (Appelbaum et al; 2007). As we hear Mergers and Acquisition in day-to-day basis I investigated that the rise in Mergers and Acquisition is due that fact that its increasing complexity of such transactions taking place day-to-day and time-to-time (Gaughan, 2002). According to (Gaughan and Jagersma, 2005) Merger is the combination of two or more companies in creation of a new entity or formation of a holding company.( European Central Bank , 2000) Acquisition is the purchase of shares or assets on another company to achieve a managerial influence, not necessarily by mutual agreement (Jagersma, 2005). Mergers and Acquisition can be categorized into horizontal, vertical or conglomerate and the transactions will be viewed from the outlook of the value chain. (Ghaughan, 2002) According to (Picot, 2002) Mergers and Acquisition process undergoes three processes: planning, implementation and integration. Planning covers the operational, managerial and legal techniques and optimization. The implementation covers a range of activities starting from the issuance of confidentiality or non-disclosure agreements, letter of intent and ending with conclusion on Mergers and Acquisition contract and deal closure. The last phase is concerned with post-deal integration. This model will be described by Watson Wyatt Model which has also five flows and this model undergoes stages such as Formulate, Locate, Investigate, Negotiate and Integrate. (Glaphin and Herndon, 2000). Mergers and Acquisitions have positioned their efforts on giving the bigger picture of the motives of firms engaging in Mergers and Acquisition transactions. According to (Gaughan,2002) it takes a practical view to firm level he identifies the motives by referring to the theories. His motives are Mergers and Acquisition is a way and means to be considered for the firms to grow on the faster rate Mergers and Acquisition firms have a scope of economic gains as a result of economies on the larger scale Larger the organization can result on Mergers and Acquisition and have a better access to capital market, which can show the way later to a lower cost of capital that is regarding financial benefits etc. Mergers and Acquisition aims at imagined gains which a firm may experience when putting its higher authority skills into target business and practice. According to (Trautwein, 1990) also provides us with a summary of motives and also Trautewein 1990 makes a statement that Mergers and Acquisition marks on Net Present Value. According to (Jansen, 2002) in Picot 2002 Mergers and Acquisition is not a new invention. In 19th century the first time Mergers and Acquisition appeared in the picture. Five mergers and acquisition waves 1880-Y2K will give the timeline of Mergers and Acquisition development. Mergers and Acquisition Advisory firms According to (Piscot,2002) the question arises that which mergers and acquisition advisors a company will need to consult in order to develop joint creative strategies and financing schemes and to look for suitable transaction partners this will be raised during the planning stage of mergers and acquisition process. External advice is sorted out going through different areas like investment corporate finance, commercial law, environment audit etc. (Sundarsanam, 1995) Definition of Merger and Acquisition Advisory Firms In this definition of mergers and acquisition (Sundarsanam,1995) explains that Mergers and Acquisition advisors as investment banks, corporate lawyers, accountants, stockbrokers, strategy consultants, investor relations and public relations consultants and environment consultants. He states that among these entire advisors investment bank plays an important in advisory in mergers and acquisition transactions. Mergers and Acquisition advisory firms role in mergers acquisition transaction According to (PEI Services Ltd, 2006) mergers and acquisition acts as match makers. Mergers and Acquisition follows following services: A valuation of business Marketing in business Assisting with diligence Resolving transaction issues throughout the process Conducting interviews and discussion with acquirers Providing strategic insights and negotiation skills on behalf of the client Creation of the marketing material Handling confidential documents on behalf of the client Solving transaction issues According to (Daniel and Phillip, 2007) mergers and acquisition advisory firms perform the task to increase the market efficiency by cutting down the information asymmetries between the acquiring and target firms. Factors affecting merger and acquisition advisory choice Its clear that mergers and acquisition advisory firms are important but investments banks also play an important role in the key advisors in mergers and acquisition transactions. It looks on the closer outlook at what benefits mergers and acquisition bring to clients and in which situation firms get involve in mergers and acquisition firms in mergers and acquisition process. Critical Success Factors for Projects The proposal as the dissertation literature review will be divided into two sections. Critical success factors are the set of circumstances, facts, or influences which contribute to the project outcomes ( Lim and Mohamed, 1999) Project success criteria are the set of principles or standards by which project can be judged (Lim and Mohamed, 1999). This will explained in detail in the dissertation. Research Aims and Objectives To investigate the main roles of merger acquisition advisory firms associated with merger acquisition projects. To examine the process of conducting a merger acquisition project. To find out the project success criteria for merger acquisition projects To explore from the perspective of merger acquisition advisory firms. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND RESEARCH DESIGN The research is the plan of action undertaken by people in order to find our things in a systematic and make it realistic thereby increasing their knowledge. The research can be qualitative and quantitative. (Saunders et al. 2007). My aim of carrying out this research is analyse the relevant information which will be gathered by me. My research could be qualitative, quantitative or it is both based on the situation and the mood of the interviewee. The research will be done based on the interview or filling up questionnaires by a manager of State Bank of India. A research design provides the frame work for the collection and analysis of data. A choice of research design reflects about the priority being to range of dimensions of the research process. (Bryman et al. 2007). Qualitative and Quantitative study will help in which my secondary and primary data will be collected in order to increase the strength of my findings. The research is based o the manager and some of the employees pertaining to critical success factors in mergers and acquisition projects of state bank of India which plays a role of an advisory firm. (Bryman et al. 2007). Sample is the segment of the population that is selected for investigation. It is a subset of the population. (Bryman et al.2007,p182). My way of sampling will be random sampling. Non Probability refers to a sample that has not been selected using a random selection method. Essentially this implies that some units in the population are more likely to be selected than others.( Bryman et al. 2007,p 182) DATA COLLECTION METHOD The purpose of the Data Collection Method is a type of method which has to be conducted; the data is collected more specifically to make this proposal as well as the assignment to make it more realistic (Saunders et al.2007, p131). A semi-structured and in depth (unstructured interviews) are non- standardized. This is often seen in qualitative research interviews (King, 2004). Unstructured interviews are more informal. (Saunders et al. 2007, p312). Structured interview use questionnaires based on prÃÆ'Â ªt ermined and standardized or identical set of questions it is more often related to quantitative research. (Saunders et al. 2007, p312). A semi- structured interviews method is related to qualitative research or quantitative or it can be both. This research is conducted in order to develop the deep understanding about the current issues happening in the organisation regarding the critical success factors of State Bank Of India which plays a role of advisory firms in mergers and acquisition. I will be using any one of them or any two of them for example structured unstructured, or only structured depends on the situation. The interview chosen by me is taken to support the primary data collection from where major findings emerge. The research will be done based on interviewing and filling up questionnaires by a manager and his employees. It is to make the key evaluation on the list of the critical success factors. I will also conduct a questionnaire associated with qualitative or quantitative or it can be both of them in research. This will give the idea and will also cross check with theory and practical. (Saunders et al. 2007, p101). Graphs and charts will be used if necessary to support the primary research. My data collection will be explanatory or it can be descriptive depending on happening situation. Explanatory study is based on a search literature, interview experts in the subject and conducting focus group interviews. Descriptive study is based on to portray an accurate profile of persons, events or situations. (Robson, 2002, p59). Description in management and business research has a clear place. However it should be thought of as a means to an end rather than an end itself. (Saunders et al. 2007, pp 133 -134) DATA ANALYSIS According to (Saunders et al. 2007, pg 473) quantitative data is based on meanings derived from numbers, the collection results in numerical and standardized data and analysis conducted through the use of diagrams. However, Qualitative data is based on meanings expressed through words, collection of results in non- standardized data requiring classification into categories and analysing conducted through the use of conceptualization. The following data will be analyzed as per the discussion that will be organized based on the findings from the both primary and the secondary data. The interviews will play a key role in doing the data analysis. Interviews and questionnaire will result in checking the general and valid analysis. The research will be done based on interviewing and filling up questionnaires by two managers. The analysis is also focus on overview in critical success factors of State Bank of India as an advisory firm in mergers and acquisition projects. Above all will support which will present the detailed discussion with the questionnaire supported. To give the right way of the analysis the data will be presented along with my evaluation and judgments of findings. FORM OF PRESENTATION The concepts will be specific and related with the project. The research document will be in the written form. Black and White colours will be used for this research. Research will be printed. It will be in binded form. Various diagrams and graphs will be used for this research. Flow of the data will be coherent. All the related data will be presented which can help to grasp the ideas and the ideal conclusion can be drawn based on the reliability of the data. Research will start in the simple form of the introduction with the industry and related issues. It will further discuss about the problem issues and different facts will be presented in a proper order. CONCLUSION: After gathering all the information and data the researcher must spend lot of time thoroughly reviewing and evaluating the findings. Once the study is evaluated conclusions must be drawn. With the help of interviews proper theories should be formed which should give an idea about the situations of mergers and acquisitions in banking and financial sector. References: Richardson, P., Denton, D.K. (1996), Communication Change, Human Resource Management, Vol. 35 No.2. Catwright, S., Cooper, Cary, L. (1993) The Psychological Impact of Mergers and Acquisition on the Individual: A Study of Building Society Managers, Human Relation Mar 93, Vol 46. Daniels, K. and Phillips, R.A. (2007) The Valuation Impact of Financial Advisors: An empirical Analysis of REIT Mergers and Acquisition. Journal of Real Estate Research, January- March, 29(1), pp 57-74. European Central Bank, 2000. Mergers and Acquisitions involving the EU Banking Industry- Facts and Implications [online]. Available at www.ecb.int/pub/pdf/other/eubkmergersen.pdf [Accessed 1 July 2007] Gaughan, P.A., (2002) Mergers, Acquisition and Corporate restructuring (3rd edition), John Wiley Sons, Inc, New York. Galpin,T.J. and Herndon, M. (2000) The complete guide to Mergers and Acquisitions, Jossey- Bass Publishers, San Francisco. Jagersma,P.K. (2005) Cross- Border Acquisitions of European Multinationals Journal of General Management 30(3), pp13-34. Picot,G. (2002) Handbook of International Mergers and Acquisitions: Preparation, Implementation and Integration, Palgrave Macmillan, New York. PEI(Private Equity Info) Services Ltd., (2006) Mergers and Acquisition, advisory firms [online] Available at http://www.advisoryfirms.com/?type=1firmtype%5B%5d=Middle+Marketstate%5B%5D=anysearch.x=11search.y=12 [Accessed 04 July 2008] Sunders,M., Lewis, P., and Thornhill,A. (2003) Research Methods for Business Students, Pearson Education Limited, England. Sudarsanam, P.S., (1995) The Essence of Merger and Acquisitions, Prentice Hall, Great Britain. Trautwein, F. (1990) Mergers Motives and Prescriptions: Strategic Management Journal, 11(4), pp 283-295. Lim, C.S., and Mohamed, M.Z. (1999) Criteria of project success: an exploratory re- examination, International Journal of Project Management, 17(4), pp 243-248.

Style And Symbols In Ann Beatties Snow English Literature Essay

Style And Symbols In Ann Beatties Snow English Literature Essay What do relationships, storytelling, and memories have in common? Beattie explores this question in her short story, Snow. The story takes place in the country during winter and describes a past relationship between two lovers. Beattie makes use of a brief, jumpy writing style and several symbols in the story for a threefold purpose. In Snow, Beattie uses style and symbolism not only to give insight into a past relationship, but to examine the art of storytelling and the elements of human memory. Beatties writing style gives insight into a past relationship between two lovers. A large paragraph is used to describe the womans memory. It is jumpy, but many details are given. She remembers that in the kitchen, a pattern of white-gold trellises supported purple grapes as big and round as Ping-Pong balls (114). She also remembers the stories that her visitors told, such as a boy and the ice cream truck and man finding a diamond ring on the beach (114). This shows how much she considered this a special relationship and wanted to hold on to the relationship by capturing very minute details and stories with amazing and happy endings. On the other hand, the mans memory is described briefly without much detail. His memory makes no mention of the wallpaper and he remembers that their visitors told the same stories people always tell. This contrast shows that the man didnt see their relationship as anything special, it was just another story the same as anyone elses. The brevity of the s tory, less than two pages long, also reflects the fleeting nature of the couples relationship. Likewise, Beatties style examines the art of storytelling. The man states that, Any life will seem dramatic if you omit mention of the most of it (115). This indicates that stories should be short, containing moments and should not be full of every mundane detail of everyday life. The narrator also states that this is a story, told the way you say stories should be told: Somebody grew up, fell in love, and spent a winter with her lover in the country. This, of course, is the barest outline (115). This conveys the idea that in general, most stories contain certain basic elements, such as a conflict, and follow a basic outline. For example romantic comedies follow a basic outline: The boy wants the girl, the boy has to overcome obstacles, and the boy gets the girl in the end, or vice versa. Beatties style also examines the nature of memory. The story jumps from descriptions of the couple in winter (114-115) to the death of a friend in a future spring (115). This random pattern is reflective of how memories work. One memory can trigger another seemingly unrelated memory. The narrator also states, People forget years and remember moments (115). This idea is reflected in the narrative style. The womans memory puts emphasis on certain details and moments, the chipmunk, wallpaper, snow, etc. (114), rather than on what happened that entire month or year. Also, the discrepancies between the memories of the lovers (114-115) emphasize the fact that people can have different memories of the same event. Just as Beattie uses style to give insight into a past relationship, storytelling, and memory, she uses symbolism for the same purpose. According to the woman, the chipmunk ran through the living room. It went through the library and stopped at the front door as though it knew the house well (114). In contrast, the man sees that the chipmunk ran to hide in the dark, not simply to a door that led to its escape (115). This contrast gives insight into the lovers different views on the relationship. The chipmunk represents the woman, who sees herself leaving her lover as an escape after he states What do you think youre doing in here (114)? i.e., what are you doing in this relationship? On the contrary, the man sees her as hiding or cowering. The contrasting views about the chipmunk are also indicative of the lovers differing views in other areas of life and the fact that they do not belong together. Another symbol in Snow is the wallpaper. The narrator states that she thought of the bits of grape that remained underneath and imagined the vine popping through, the way some plants can tenaciously push through anything (114). The wallpaper works as a symbol in several ways. It symbolizes the covering up of issues in the couples relationship, which eventually come to the surface. This also symbolizes the dramatic moments that must manifest in storytelling, and finally it symbolizes the fact that repressed memories may eventually come to the surface. The pool is another symbol that has multiple purposes. The pool is covered with black plastic that had been stretched across it for winterà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦the cover collected more and more water until it finally spilled onto the concrete (115). Like the wallpaper, the covered pool is symbolic of the covering up of issues in the relationship, as well as repressed memories. Also, water is generally used as a symbol of life. The fact that the water pushes breaks through the lifeless plastic is indicative of the importance of stories to contain a driving force or energy, rather than to be stagnant. The snow is the most dynamic symbol in the story. The narrator states, Remember the night, out on the lawn, knee-deep in snow, chins pointed to the sky as the wind whirled down all that whiteness (115)? White is often symbolic of innocence. The whiteness of the snow indicates that the relationship between the lovers is young and naive. The lovers are knee-deep in this young and naÃÆ' ¯ve love. Furthermore, the man is described as the king of snow (114), and he remember(s) that the cold settled in stages (115). This conveys the idea that his love towards her grows cold, just as the snow is cold. Just as the snow covers the ground (114), the couple masks their issues. The snow also works as a symbol for storytelling. The narrator states, Love, in its shortest form, becomes a word. What I remember most about all that time is one winter. The snow. Even now, saying snow, my lips move so that they kiss the air (115). Just as snow becomes a word that that captures the love that the woman once had, stories are told with words and symbols that capture important ideas. The fact that snow becomes a word also indicates the fact that memories are triggered by words and symbols. For example, a piece of clothing may bring up a certain memory in someone. The clothing is symbolic in that it represents something more than what it really is. Beatties use of style and symbolism reveal several aspects of a couples past relationship, while commenting upon the art of storytelling, and examining the nature of memory. Her unique narrative style and use of symbolism work on multiple levels to tie in these main ideas. Just as the lovers relationship is summed up in seconds and symbols (115), so are stories and memories.

Graduation 2001 :: essays research papers

First of all I would like to thank everyone for coming out tonight for the 2001 Palo Verde graduation. I am honored to be speaking in front of the class of 2001. I congratulate all the graduates on a job well done. Sitting here shows a great deal of work and dedication. Graduation is a time to remember the last four years at Palo Verde. Some of us have great memories that we will hold close to us and others may think about the struggles and hardships that we went through. But the point is that it’s over now right. Not really cause now we are going on our own. Their is not going to be that teacher that reminds that the paper is do tomorrow and that grades are coming out pretty soon so we need to get our grades up. We now need to look at what the future has in store for us. Its a serious time, a time to look at what path our lives are going to take once the caps and gowns are taken off. High school was an important step in our lives but it was only a step. So we must strive to educate ourselves and work to our best abilities to become strong individuals. But these struggles that we wen through will help us to be able to handle things in the real world. We all went through struggles and hardships but we all got to remember that someone went thro ugh more struggles than we did. I remember this friend that walked to school at 6:45 in the morning so that he could make it to Yearbook O period; while it was still dark outside. Then his junior year he got a job and to be able to make to work on time he would have to run from school to the mile away bus stop so that he would be able to get a car. And after saving his paychecks for four months he was able to get a car. I was proud of him for going through hardships and his family was proud too. On graduation night we all must remember the friendships that we had through the times. Even if they were bad or good we all can learn something from them. We can remember those friends that we’ve had since freshmen year and those friends that we just met but have become our best of friends. Graduation 2001 :: essays research papers First of all I would like to thank everyone for coming out tonight for the 2001 Palo Verde graduation. I am honored to be speaking in front of the class of 2001. I congratulate all the graduates on a job well done. Sitting here shows a great deal of work and dedication. Graduation is a time to remember the last four years at Palo Verde. Some of us have great memories that we will hold close to us and others may think about the struggles and hardships that we went through. But the point is that it’s over now right. Not really cause now we are going on our own. Their is not going to be that teacher that reminds that the paper is do tomorrow and that grades are coming out pretty soon so we need to get our grades up. We now need to look at what the future has in store for us. Its a serious time, a time to look at what path our lives are going to take once the caps and gowns are taken off. High school was an important step in our lives but it was only a step. So we must strive to educate ourselves and work to our best abilities to become strong individuals. But these struggles that we wen through will help us to be able to handle things in the real world. We all went through struggles and hardships but we all got to remember that someone went thro ugh more struggles than we did. I remember this friend that walked to school at 6:45 in the morning so that he could make it to Yearbook O period; while it was still dark outside. Then his junior year he got a job and to be able to make to work on time he would have to run from school to the mile away bus stop so that he would be able to get a car. And after saving his paychecks for four months he was able to get a car. I was proud of him for going through hardships and his family was proud too. On graduation night we all must remember the friendships that we had through the times. Even if they were bad or good we all can learn something from them. We can remember those friends that we’ve had since freshmen year and those friends that we just met but have become our best of friends.

A Need For Education :: essays research papers

The Once And Future King by T.H White is a four part book of magic, love, death, war and medieval tales. The book tells the tale of how the Wart (Arthur) becomes king and how he goes about life. The need for education is very important; the lessons Arthur learns and his application of them later in life demonstrates this importance.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The lessons Arthur learns as a child is taught to him by various animals. On the signs over each ant tunnel was a notice which read,† Everything Not Forbidden Is Compulsory† (122). In the life of a worker ant there is no free thought allowed. The worker ants also have no free will; they do only what they are told to do and nothing else. Another good example is the view of Lyo-lyok the goose; â€Å"There are no boundaries among the geese† (170). Lessons learned from the geese are those that teach leaders take charge when a leader is needed. The geese also teach Arthur why war is unnecessary. In those lessons Arthur learns that Communism is oppression, is war, and Lyo-lyok teaches that war is not the only thing one should depend on.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Later in Arthur’s life, he uses his education to form ideas of using might for right. For example, Arthur rhetorically inquires, â€Å"Why can’t you harness might so that it works for right† (248)? Asserting his idea Arthur decides to fight the battle at Bedegraine in hopes of stopping people from thinking of war as he once did. With that idea in mind Arthur wishes to use might to show people what is right. Arthur then decides to enforce his idea of might for right by creating a league of knights (The Knights Of The Round Table); this idea leads to a genius proposal in when he states, â€Å"Then we can have a circular table† (265). Arthur’s round table idea prevents jealousy and competition among the knights.

Pizza delivery Essay

The foray of multinational fast food retailers into India has impacted the taste buds of Indian consumers significantly. Instant food is scoring over traditional food due to influence of Western countries, and rise in income & subsequent standard of living, convenience, etc. As a result, fast food menus are gaining wider acceptance from the Indian consumers. The Indian fast  Food Industry Dryer  has witnessed high growth strides in the past years, with increasing disposable income; exposure to a number of cuisines; and consumers’ willingness to experiment a mix of both Western and local menu. It has not only provided convenience to people who shuttle between home and work for a bigger part of the day but also eliminated the requirement of conventional cutlery. This industry at the moment thrives on international appeal endorsed by niche chains. The development of nutritious and healthier replacements for the traditional servings at fast food restaurants has transformed into mass promotion of portable foods. As per a new research report titled ‘Indian Fast Food Market Analysis’, currently the Indian fast food industry stands at a massive size of ` 47 billion, driven by a growing number of working professionals and increasing westernization. Apart from this, busy life schedule, standardized food, and less time-consuming processes are also fuelling the demand from domestic consumers in the industry. As demand for all types of fast food items are consistently on the rise, pizza, burger, and French fries have become the all time favorite among young Indians, more so with some of the well-known burger and pizza restaurants like McDonald’s, Domino’s, KFC, Pizza Hut, Nirula’s etc, operating in India. Consumers’ first choice As far as products are concerned, instant noodles and pasta are at a nascent stage but are fast evolving in the Indian fast food business. Demand for these food items are growing as consumers with hectic lifestyles do not want to spend much time in cooking. Besides, a variety of noodles and pasta is easily available in the international fast food makers’ menu at an attractive price range, pulling various consumers to add these delicious foods into their palates. The instant noodles and pasta segment has thus turned out to be a big hit among fast food lovers, resulting in the entry of many leading players into this segment. As per an ongoing study on the Indian  fast food  industry, there has been a major shift in food habits in the metropolitan cities encouraging the manufacturers to introduce innovative flavors in noodles and pastas to suit Indian consumers. Further, the enhancement of fried instant noodles’ condiment, good performance of non-fried noodles, and the subsequent release of coarse cereal noodles are some of the main trends currently prevailing in the Indian market. About 86 per cent of households prefer to consume instant food over traditional food due to steep rise in dual income level & standard of living, convenience and influence of Western countries. As a result, fast food menus comprising pizza, burger, sandwiches, etc are gaining wider acceptance from the Indian consumers. Competitors’ zone On the competitive front, the fast food market in India is poised for rapid expansion and higher efficiency with the entry of international giants. It has also been observed that with the increasing popularity of dining out in India, restaurant operators want to safeguard their share of improved consumer spending by offering all types of cuisines. This provides a significant opportunity to players in the food and beverage industry. Major players in this sector are creating a competitive environment for future growth. And in order to cater to this augmented customer base, Nirula’s is increasing its existence in metro cities along with the Tier-2 and Tier-3 cities through different formats. The new outlets in cities, such as Amritsar, Patna, Bhopal, Pune and Ludhiana would mainly be Family Style Restaurants (FSR), ice cream kiosks and parlors. Likewise, KFC has plans to increase its existence from 21 cities at present to around 75 cities through its objective to operate 500 restaurants in India by 2015. The company is eager to spread wings to new cities such as Hubli, Madurai, Salem and Mysore in the south, and in the north in Kanpur, Allahabad. Similarly, McDonald’s is targeting 1,000 restaurants by 2020. Hard castle Restaurants, which runs McDonald’s in the south and west, plans to open up to 70 stores next year. It will be the franchisee’s biggest expansion in the past 15 years. McDonald’s also plans to invest ` 10 billion to boost growth. Most of the food chains are busy in innovating and customizing their products. For instance, in order to boost revenue and offer different varieties to the tastes of various cross-sections of people, Domino’s Pizza is planning to customize its range of products. The company is taking initiatives to come up with a new assortment of diet pizzas for Indians, who are health-conscious and intends to introduce different specialties in pizza for people residing in different parts, like North and South India. Further, the acceptance of fast food has grown faster as several players have well-understood the basic requirements of Indian food and served more vegetarians & selected no vegetarian meal options (excludes pork and beef from their menu). Franchise outlets On the strategic front, it has been found that the franchising concept in India is continuously rising, with the increase in the number of international players opening more franchise outlets in India. The increasing revenue figures from franchise outlets encourage the players to opt for the concept. As a result, many international fast food giants are opening up their franchise outlets in India to grab the huge untapped potential in a fast emerging market. In a recent development, Nando, South Africa-based Afro-Portuguese, global restaurant chain is starting up around 35 outlets by 2013 in various parts of India through the franchise route. The company expects to expand enormously in the northern parts of India. Varying consumer behavior Talking about consumers, it has been a noticeable trend that food consumption pattern of urban Indian families has changed dramatically with times owing to the growing influence of Western culture. Indians have started dining out and moved on to accept different varieties of delicious food from the world. Further, studies indicate a radical change in the consumption patterns of Indian consumers, who have traditionally been known for their price sensitiveness. Middle-class families as well as the youth prefer to have a burger worth ` 25 rather than that worth ` 50-75. This reveals that despite looking for taste and brand, consumers in India are still inclined to low-price and health issues. As per a survey conducted in 2010, nearly 80 per cent of the fast food consumers expect the fast food owners to implement required measures for reducing the harmful impact of fast food. To tackle this issue, these owners have adopted innovative cooking styles, such as baking and grilling that retain the flavor of food and also require lesser quantity of oil. Besides, major retailers in this area are now providing all necessary information like ingredients, nutrition and fat contained on the product pack. These measures have helped Indian fast food consumers select healthy and nutritious meal as well as protect them from the dangerous effect of unhealthy fast food. Government inventiveness As far as the role of government is concerned, various initiatives in the recent past have resulted in the entry of many international  Fast Food Retailer  in the country. With the economic liberalization in 1991, nearly all tariff and non-tariff barriers have been removed or minimized from the Indian boundary that has helped many retailers to enter the growing Indian fast food industry. As per the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India, the new rules and standards will make it mandatory for street food vendors to register with state health departments that are into policing hygiene. It requires the food authority to issue licenses to food vendors only after ensuring that their products are safe and hygienic. Vendors with products that are found unhygienic or unsafe will face monetary penalties. Moreover, user friendly and IT-enabled licensing system will be created to improve governance and compliance. To try to ensure that India has the capacity to implement the new law, the government has increased the number of state laboratories for testing eatables and appointed more food safety officers to check food quality & hygiene instead of merely monitoring adulteration. Besides, the Indian government has also directed state governments to prohibit sales of fast food and carbonated drinks on school premises & check out all such items that lead to unhealthy eating from cafeteria within a 1,500 feet radius of schools. In addition, the country’s regulators have ordered food chains to provide product nutritional labeling at the time of sale, so that customers can know about what they are eating and what effect it can have on their health. This step is a result of various studies that have shown that a typical fast food has very high density that causes people to eat more than they usually require, causing people to fall ill with many health-related problems like obesity, diabetes and heart diseases. Shortfalls and remedies India has witnessed a massive increase in the consumption of fast food over the past few years. Indeed, the country has come out as one of the rapidly growing fast food markets in the world. Although the country offers lucrative opportunities to new entrants due to rapid urbanization and changing lifestyles, there still exist some roadblocks, which may hinder the exponential growth route of this industry in future. Competition from local street vendors remains the biggest threat to the growth of the fast food industry in the country. There is an increase in raw materials cost and fuel charges, which is causing a lot of strain to the players in this segment. Lack of proper infrastructural facilities, with respect to roads and electricity, has also hampered the development of fast food market in India. Besides, the industry will have to tackle a number of roadblocks including the rising consumer concerns regarding obesity and health-consciousness to maintain the ongoing trend. On a fast track If the challenges are met with serious considerations, the Indian fast food industry is anticipated to achieve glorious milestones in the coming years. Increasing inclination of people to eat outside (restaurants) will be the major driving force behind the projected growth. Besides, healthy food options and low-price menu will also contribute to its growth, to attain a CAGR of around 33 per cent during 2010-2014. THE START OF FAST FOOD CULTURE The concept of fast food pops up  during 1920s. The 1950s first witnessed their rapid proliferation. Several factors that contributed to  this explosive growth in50’s were:(1) America’s love affair with  the automobiles. (2) The construction of a  major new highway system. (3) The development of  sub-urban communities. (4) The baby boom subsequent to world war  second. â€Å"Fast-food chains initially  catered to automobile  owners in  suburbia. On the go Fast food outlets are take-away   or take-out   providers, often with a â€Å"drive-through† service which allows customers to order and pick up food from their cars; but most also have a seating area in which customers can eatthe food on the premises. People eat there more than five times a week and often, one or more of those five times is at a fast  food restaurant. Nearly from its inception, fast food has been designed to be eaten â€Å"on the go†, often does not require traditional cutlery, and is eaten as a finger  food. Common menu items at fast food outlets include fish and chips, sandwiches, pitas,  hamburgers, fried  chicken,  French  fries, chicken  nuggets, tacos, pizza, hot dogs, and ice cream, although many fast food restaurants offer â€Å"slower† foods like chili, mashed potatoes, and salads. Variants Although fast food often brings to mind traditional American fast food such as hamburgers and fries, there are many other forms of fast food that enjoy widespread popularity in the West. Chinese  takeaways/takeout  restaurants  are  particularly  popular. They normally offer a  wide variety of  Asian food which has normally been fried. Most options are some form of noodles, rice, or meat. Sushi has seen rapidly rising popularity in recent times. A form of fast food created  in  Japan. sushi  is  normally  cold  sticky  rice  served  with  raw fish. Pizza is a common fast food category in  the United States, with chains such as Domino’s Pizza, Sbarro and Pizza Hut. Menus are more limited and standardized than in traditional pizzerias, and pizza delivery, often with a time commitment, is offered. Fish and chip  shops are a form of fast  food popular in the United  Kingdom, Australia and New Zealand. Fish is battered and then deep fried. The Dutch  have their own types of fast food. A Dutch fast food meal often consists of  a portion of French fries. Facts and figures Fast food is one of the world’s largest growing food type. India’s fast food industry is growing by 40% a year and is expected to generate a billion dollars  in  sales  by  2005. The  multinational  segment  of  Indian  fast  foodindustry is up to Rs. 6 billion, a figure expected to zoom to Rs. 70 billion by2005. By 2005, the value of Indian dairy products is expected to be Rs. 1,00,000 million. In last 6 years, foreign investment in this sector stood at Rs. 3600  million  which  is  about  one fourth  of  total  investment  made  in  this sector. Because of the availability of raw material for fast food, Global chains are flooding into the country. MARKET SIZE & MAJOR PLAYERS a)Dominated by McDonalds having as many as 75 outlets. b)Domino’s pizza is present in around 100 locations. c)Pizza  hut  is also catching  up and it  has  planned  to establish  125outlets at the end of 2005. d) Subways have established around 40 outlets. e) Nirulas is established at Delhi and Noida only. However, it claims tocater 50,000 guests every day. Major players in fast food are: †¢ MCDONALDS. †¢ KFC †¢ PIZZA HUT †¢ DOMINOS PIZZA. †¢ COFFEE DAY †¢BARISTA. The  main  reason  behind  the  success  of  the multinational  chains  is  their expertise  in  product  development,  sourcing  practices,  quality  standards, service levels and standardized operating procedures in their restaurants, astrength  that  they  have  developed  over  years  of  experience  around  the world. The home grown chains have in the past few years of competition with the MNCs, learnt a few things but  there is still a  lot of scope for  improvement. REASON FOR EMERGENCE Gender  Roles :  gender  roles  are  now  changing. Females  have  startedworking outside. So, they have no time for their home and cooking food. Fastfood is an easy way out because these can be prepared easily. Customer  Sophistication  and  Confidence: consumers  are  becoming more sophisticated now. They do not want to prepare food and spend their time and energy in house hold works. They are building their confidence more on ‘ready to eat and easy to  serve’ kind of foods Paucity of Time: people have no time for  cooking. Because of emergence of  working women and also number of other entertainment items. Most of thetime either people work or want to enjoy with their family. Double  Income  Group: emergence  of  double  income  group  leads  to increase in disposable income. Now people have more disposable income so they can spend easily in  fast food and other activities. Working Women: working women have no time for cooking, and if they have then also they don’t want to cook. Because they want to come out of  the  traditionally  defined  gender  roles. They  do  not  want  to  confinethemselves to household work and  upbringing of children’s. Large  population: India  being  a  second  largest  country  in  terms  of  population possesses large potential market for  all the  products/services. Thisresults into entry of large number of fast food players in the country. Relaxation in rules and regulations: with the economic liberalization of  1991, most of the tariff and non tariff barriers from the Indian boundaries are either removed or minimized. This helped significantly the MNC’s to enter in the country. CHALLENGES FOR THE INDUSTRY Social  and  cultural  implications  of  Indians  switching  to  western breakfast food: Generally, Hindus avoid all foods that are believed to inhibit physical and spiritual development. Eating meat is not explicitly prohibited, but  many  Hindus  are  vegetarian  because  they  adhere  to  the  concept  of  ahimsa. Those  seeking  spiritual  unity  may  avoid  garlic  and  onions. The concept of purity influences Hindu food practices. Products from cows (e. g. ,milk,  yogurt,  ghee-clarified  butter)  are  considered  pure. Pure  foods  can improve the purity of impure foods when they are prepared together. Some foods, such as beef or alcohol, are innately polluted and can never be made pure. But now, Indians are switching to fast food that contain all those things that are considered impure or against there beliefs. Some traditional and fundamentalist are against this transformation of food habit and number of  times they provoke their counterparts to revolt against such foods. And that is what happened when McDonald’s decided to enter the  complexity of Indian business landscape, counting only on its â€Å"fast food global formula†, without any apparent previous cultural training. Emphasis  on  the  usage  of  bio-degradable  products: Glasses, silverware,  plates  and  cloth  napkins  are  never  provided  with  fast  food. Instead, paper plates and napkins, polyurethane containers, plastic cups and tableware, drinking cartons or PET (polyethylene terephthalate) bottles are used, and these are all disposable. Many of these items are tossed in the garbage instead of being recycled, or even worse, merely thrown on the ground. This burdens nature unnecessarily and squanders raw materials. In order to reduce soil and water pollution, government now emphasis more on the usage of  bio-degradable products. Retrenchment  of  employees: Most  of  new  industries  will  be  capital intensive and may drive local competitors, which have more workers, out of  business. Profit repatriation: Repatriation of profits is another area of concern forIndian economy. As when multinational enters the any countries, people and government  hope  that  it  will  increase  the  employment  rate  and result  in economic growth. However, with the multinational operation, host country experiences  these  benefits  for  a  short  time  period. In  long  run  neither employment increases (because of capital intensive nature of MNC’s) nor it increases the GDP or GNP because whatever MNC’s earn they repatriate that profit back to their home country. PROBLEMS OF INDUSTRY Environmental  friendly  products  cost  high:government  is  legislating laws in order to keep check on the fast food industry and it is emphasizing more on the usage of bio-degradable and environment friendly products. But associated with this issue is the  problem that fast food player faces – the  cost associated with the environment friendly product. They cost much higher than the normal products that companies uses for packaging or wrapping their products. Balance  between  societal  expectation  and  companies  economic objectives:   To balance a society’s expectation regarding environment with the economic burden of protecting the environment. Thus, one can see that one  side  pushes  for  higher  standards  and  other  side  tries  to  beat  the standard back, thereby making it a arm wrestling and mind boggling exercise. Health related issues: obesity: I. Studies have shown that a typical fast food has very high density and food with high density causes people to eat more then they usually need. II. Low calories food: Emphasis is now more on low calorie food. In this line  McDonald  has  a  plan  to  introduce  all  white  meat  chickenMcnuugget with less fat and fewer calories. TRENDS IN INDIAN MARKET Marketing to children’s: Fast food outlets in India target children’s as their major customers. They introduce varieties of things that will attract the  children’s  attention  and  by  targeting children’s  they  automatically target their parents because Children’s are always accompanied by their parents. Low level customer commitment: Because of the large number of food retail outlets and also because of the  tendency of customer to switch from one product to other, this industry faces low  level customer commitment. INTRODUCTION OF DOMINOES Domino’s Pizza India Ltd. was incorporated in March 1995 as the master  franchisee for India and Nepal, of Domino’s Pizza International Inc. , of  USA. Moreover, the company holds the master franchisee rights for Sri Lanka and Bangladesh through its wholly owned subsidiary. Mr. Shyam S. Bhatia and Mr. Hari S. Bhartia of the Jubilant Organosys Group were the  promoters of the company. Since inception, Domino’s Pizza India Ltd. has proceeded to become one of  the largest and fastest growing international food chains in South Asia. Thefirst Domino’s Pizza store in India opened in January 1996, at New Delhi. Today, Domino’s Pizza India has grown into a countrywide network around220 outlets in 42 cities and is  the leader in the fast food delivery segment. Ever  since  it  was  established,  Domino’s  Pizza  India  has  maintained  its  position  of  market  leadership  with  its  constant  product  innovation  and maintenance  of  stringent  service  standards. More  importantly,  it  has established a reputation for being a home delivery specialist capable of  delivering its pizzas within 30 minutes to its community of loyal customers from its entire chain of stores around the country. Customers can order their  Ã‚  pizzas by calling a single  countrywide Happiness Hotline – 1800-111-123. Infact, Domino’s was the first one to start this  facility for its customers. Domino’s is committed to bringing fun and excitement to the lives of our  customers by delivering delicious pizzas to their doorstep in 30 minutes or  less, and all its strategies are aimed at fulfilling this commitment towards its large and ever-growing customer base. Domino’s constantly strives to develop products that suit the tastes of its customers, thereby bringing out the Wow effect(the feel good factor). Domino’s believes strongly in the strategy of ‘Think local and  act  regional’. Thus,  time  and  again  Domino’s  has  been innovating toppings suitable to the taste buds  of the local populace and these have been very well accepted by the  Indian market. DOMINOES VISION AND OBJECTIVES Domino’s vision is â€Å" Exceptional people on a mission, to be  the  best  pizza  delivery  company  in  the  world! †. Domino’s is committed to bringing fun and excitement to the lives of our customers by delivering delicious pizzas to  their  doorstep  in  30  minutes  or  less,  and  all  our strategies work for fulfilling this commitment towards our large and ever-growing customer base. Domino’s constantly strives to develop the product that suits the taste of its customers to bring out the ‘WOW’ effect   (i. e. the feel good factor). Domino’s believes in the strategy of â€Å"Think local and act regional† that is blended with a playful image personified by our â€Å"Hungry Kya? â€Å"positioning. Thus,  time  and  again  Domino’s  has  been innovating  toppings,  suitable  to  the  taste buds  of  the locals and these have been very well accepted by the Indian market, are doing extensively well in the market. We are constantly in the process of innovating further; we introduce new topping every 3 –4 months Domino’s  understands  customers  demand  and  is constantly   developing   local  flavors   understanding  the local  sentiments. Also,  the  ingredients,   sauces  etc. are made keeping in mind the taste buds of Indian consumers while retaining the international flavor. Domino’s  constantly  strive  to  make  the  company  an integral  part   of  the  lives  of  the  target  audiences   by getting involved with the clientele at the emotional level and  building  long-term  relationship  with  them. Thus, Domino’s  concentrate  more  on  carrying  out  below-the-line activities in the area it serves. Domino’s believe in bringing fun and excitement into the lives  of  our  clientele. We  take  our  delivery  proposition very seriously and our entire corporate ethic is based on it. Domino’s  is  the  recognized  world  leader  in  Pizza delivery. But it isn’t just about delivering; it’s also about giving back to the community. Domino’s believes that an essential  component  of  corporate  responsibility  is  to provide support to charitable organizations that benefit the  communities  where  its  employees  and  customers work  and  live. Domino’s  worldwide   is   known  for  its commitment toward social causes and believes in adding fun  to  the  lives  of  our  customers  and  communities  it serves. In India, Domino’s has been associated with the NGO’s devoted  to  the  cause  of  underprivileged  Children’s. Domino’s conducts Store Educational Tour (SET) for the under privileged children time-to-time. Recently this was done  in  the  one  of  the  Domino’s  outlet  in  Delhi  and Mumbai with the  underprivileged children from CRY (Child Relief  and  You)  where  Domino’s  took  the  pledge  to provide part-time employment to the eligible wards from CRY who are above 18 years, reiterating its commitment towards social causes. Also, fifty- percent of that day’s first 20 deliveries of the store were given to CRY toward the cause of the underprivileged children. The children had a gala time while they learned to make and bake pizzas  at  the  store  and  finally  tasted  the  sumptuous offerings  made  by  them  during  the  Store  Educational  Tour. Domino’s Pizza India also boasts about its commitment to serve its customers on time by implementing the â€Å"30 MINUTES  OR  FREE† service  commitment , they  have been able to achieve this as a result of continuous efforts and dedication of the entire team in improving operating efficiencies . Domino’s   Pizza  India  has  been  consistently   rated amongst  the   top  2  pizza  chains  worldwide  in  the Domino’s family by Domino’s International, in terms of  quality of operations. Our pizza delivery times have also been  judged  as  the  best  delivery  times  in  the  world across all Domino’s. Communication objectives Category Need Domino’s master franchise model Industry analysts believed that Domino’s master franchise model was one of the reasons for  its success in international markets even in light of the global economic slowdown in 2008. How domino’s international bucked the trend The strong performance of Domino’s international master franchises in the midst of the global economic  slowdown  was  a  widely debated  topic  among  analysts. While  some  analysts believed that the recession had helped the growth of these chains due to the ‘trading down factor’ of people preferring to eat at home rather than dine out at expensive restaurants, others believed it was a combination of aggressive marketing and the franchise model that had helped the company buck the trend. Dominoes Brand Awareness Promotional and advertisement campaigns The pizza delivery business had  traditionally been promotion driven. Coupons and  discounts were offered by all pizza delivery chains to woo customers. Since its inception, Domino’s had been known for its unique promotions that included fast delivery and innovations to cater  to a varied palette. The ’30 minutes’ promise In the year 1973, Domino’s began a guarantee scheme that its pizzas would be delivered in 30minutes or less of ordering failing which the customer would receive the pizza free. Brand Attitude Use of technology Online sales accounted for over 70 percent of its total sales in 2008. Dominos planned to further exploit the increasing potential of the online medium as one of the promotional and distributional channels in the downturn. Brand Purchase Intention. What makes domino’s pizza better than its competitors? †¢ Varity of Pizza’s †¢ Services offered †¢ Quality of pizza’s †¢ Location of the Outlet †¢ Waiting time in the outlet †¢ Door step services †¢ Lower price Communication Mix Communication is very important, particularly when it is two-way. Domino’s value customer  feedback and is most responsive to customer preferences. Fast food ought to be a fun experience and this is not possible unless the provider and the consumer are in synch. They are in the  service business, and their product is positioned as a  convenience food delivered to the customer hot and fresh in 30 minutes guaranteed. Every company must follow the eight major marketing communication modes. For Domino’s direct selling and interactive selling is not needed though they are involved in internet and cable TV promotions. Domino’s always search for ways to gain efficiency by replacing one communication with others. The sustainability among communication tools explains why marketing function need to be coordinated. Advertising The Domino’s Pizza franchise has earned the reputation of being one of the fast growing food chains in South Asia. Domino’s is committed to bringing fun and excitement to the lives of its customers by delivering delicious pizzas to their doorstep in 30 minutes or less. The fast food franchise is all set to  make the complete use of  its potential market in India, where eating out is a means of entertainment. Its advertisements are image of its core competencies. The Domino’s  Pizza India  franchise  keeps implementing varied  promotional  strategies. Domino’s initially restricted their ad  strategy to banners, hoardings and specific promotions. In August2000, Domino’s launched the ‘Hungry Kya? (Are  You Hungry? ) sequence of  advertisements on television. While highlighting its home delivery facility in advertisements, the pizza franchise always adds an element of humour in it. That is exactly why actor Arshad Warsi was made the brand ambassador of  the Domino’s Pizza India franchise. Paresh Rawal, another humorist of Hindi cinema, was also featured in Domino’s ads. A significant strategic change is that, while the unique selling proposition of Domino’s is home delivery in all markets, they have been creating dine-in spaces at all their restaurants here in India. Domino’s Pizza’s tagline ‘khushiyon ki home delivery’   which cuts through the advertising  clutter  still  remains  intact. But  in  tier-2  and  tier-3  cities,  as  people  like  to experience eating out close to 75% of their restaurants now have dine-in facilities. This is different from their global strategy where their  key focus has  been  on home delivery. Also,  they  are in  the  trial stage  of  orders by internet in India after its success in U. S. Another feature they introduced is a customer can top the Pizza he wants. Domino’s went a step ahead by differentiating regions and applyingthe taste-factor accordingly. Domino’s also made ordering simpler through a single toll-free number throughout the country. Dominos has been following the principle of   ‘Think Local, Act Regional’  . Events/ Experiences They are sponsoring some college fest, cultural program and promotional events through out the country for promotion. Public Relation Domino’s Pizza India undertakes local store marketing initiatives. These include specialdiscounts  to  loyal  customers  and  parade  like  activities  such  as  Motorbike  formations, distributing special offer  coupons and phone  calls to  frequent customers. Domino’s has been innovating toppings suitable to the taste  buds of the  local populace and the Indian market has very well accepted these. Domino’s Pizza India Ltd, which runs fast food chain Domino’s Pizza in the country, has changed its corporate name to Jubilant Food Works Ltd. The change of name came into effect from September 24 2009. â€Å"The decision to change the name  has been taken to  align ourselves with the branding of the Jubilant  Bhartia  Group,  promoted  by  Shyam  S  Bhartia  and  Hari  S  Bhartia,†Ã‚  Jubilant Food Works Chief Executive Officer Ajay Kaul said. Jubilant Bhartia Group holds the master  franchisee rights for the Domino’s Pizza brand and operations for the whole of India, Nepal,Sri Lanka and Bangladesh. However, the company will continue to use the brand name of  Ã¢â‚¬ËœDomino’s Pizza’ for marketing and other related purposes. Personal Selling Domino’s continuously strives to make the company an  integral part of the  lives of the target audiences by getting involved with the clientele at the emotional level and building long term relationships with them. Thus, domino’s concentrates more on carrying out below the line activities in the areas it serves.